Kamz\u00edk horsk\u00fd: \u201eParkourista\u201c \u0159eck\u00fdch hor 🏔️<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Pokud jste si mysleli, \u017ee kamz\u00edk horsk\u00fd (Rupicapra rupicapra<\/em>, balk\u00e1nsk\u00fd poddruh balcanica<\/em>) je jen koza, kter\u00e1 utekla z ohrady a vy\u0161plhala na Olymp, je \u010das na zm\u011bnu n\u00e1zoru. Kamz\u00edk je tak trochu antilopa, tak trochu koza a stoprocentn\u00ed sportovec extr\u00e9mn\u00edch discipl\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. V\u00fdbava pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed: Jeho \u201eesa v ruk\u00e1vu\u201c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kamz\u00edk nepot\u0159ebuje zna\u010dkov\u00e9 pohorky. S nimi se u\u017e narodil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kop\u00fdtka:<\/strong> Maj\u00ed pru\u017en\u00fd vnit\u0159ek (jako protiskluzovou podr\u00e1\u017eku) a tvrd\u00fd okraj. Na sk\u00e1le dr\u017e\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e pneumatiky Formule 1. Nav\u00edc dok\u00e1\u017eou rozt\u00e1hnout prsty jako v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159, aby se nebo\u0159ili do sn\u011bhu!<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Rohy:<\/strong> Mal\u00e9, \u010dern\u00e9 a ve tvaru h\u00e1\u010dku. Na rozd\u00edl od jelen\u016f je neshazuj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok \u2013 maj\u00ed je na cel\u00fd \u017eivot (ob\u011b pohlav\u00ed!).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
\u0160atn\u00edk:<\/strong> V l\u00e9t\u011b nos\u00ed lehk\u00e9 \u010dervenohn\u011bd\u00e9 \u201esako\u201c. V zim\u011b ho vym\u011bn\u00ed za \u010dern\u00fd, hu\u0148at\u00fd ko\u017eich, kter\u00fd skv\u011ble pohlcuje slune\u010dn\u00ed teplo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
2. Kde je najdete (kdy\u017e budete m\u00edt \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a budete potichu)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Pokud je chcete spat\u0159it, p\u0159ipravte si pl\u00edce. \u017dij\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch mezi 800 a 2 500 metry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Olymp (\u0160ampion):<\/strong> Zde najdete nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed koncentraci na jedn\u00e9 ho\u0159e. Je to \u201eelita\u201c mezi kamz\u00edky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Pindos (Matka hor):<\/strong> Domov 50 % celkov\u00e9 populace, rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 v poho\u0159\u00edch Tymfi, Smolikas a Grammos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Rhodopy (Lesn\u00edci):<\/strong> V les\u00edch Fraktos a Haidou d\u00e1vaj\u00ed kamz\u00edci p\u0159ednost \u201eh\u0159e na schov\u00e1vanou\u201c v hust\u00fdch porostech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
3. Kamz\u00edk vs. Divok\u00e1 koza (Kri-Kri)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Neple\u0165te si je, urazili by se!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kamz\u00edk<\/strong> m\u00e1 mal\u00e9 rohy ve tvaru h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f a \u017eije v hor\u00e1ch pevninsk\u00e9ho \u0158ecka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Divok\u00e1 koza (Kri-Kri)<\/strong> m\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e9 rohy ve tvaru \u0161avl\u00ed (a\u017e 1 metr!) a najdete ji pouze na Kr\u00e9t\u011b a n\u011bkolika p\u0159ilehl\u00fdch ostr\u016fvc\u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
4. Zaj\u00edmavosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Hv\u00edzd\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Pokud usly\u0161\u00edte z jejich nosu hlasit\u00e9 \u201efsss\u201c, v\u011bzte, \u017ee o v\u00e1s v\u00ed. Je to varovn\u00fd sign\u00e1l pro zbytek skupiny.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Skok:<\/strong> Dok\u00e1\u017eou sko\u010dit a\u017e 6 metr\u016f do d\u00e1lky. Bez rozb\u011bhu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1mluvy:<\/strong> V listopadu (obdob\u00ed \u0159\u00edje) jsou samci pon\u011bkud\u2026 p\u0159emotivovan\u00ed. Hon\u00ed se po sr\u00e1zech z\u00e1vratnou rychlost\u00ed jen proto, aby zap\u016fsobili na samice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
⚠️ Ochrana a respekt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kamz\u00edk je vz\u00e1cn\u00fd<\/strong> a od roku 1969 p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd. Pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed a vyru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidmi jsou jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi nep\u0159\u00e1teli. Rada pro horolezce:<\/strong> Pokud n\u011bjak\u00e9ho uvid\u00edte, z\u016fsta\u0148te st\u00e1t. Nepokou\u0161ejte se o \u201eperfektn\u00ed selfie\u201c. Stres m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee spadnou ze sr\u00e1zu nebo opust\u00ed sv\u00e1 ml\u00e1\u010fata. Pou\u017eijte dalekohled a u\u017e\u00edvejte si pod\u00edvanou z d\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Od Hom\u00e9ra k \u201educh\u016fm\u201c Olympu: Historick\u00e1 cesta kamz\u00edka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kamz\u00edk nen\u00ed v na\u0161ich hor\u00e1ch \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u201ezbohatlick\u00fdm\u201c nov\u00e1\u010dkem. Je to nejstar\u0161\u00ed obyvatel vrchol\u016f, p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed z dob ledov\u00fdch, kter\u00fd vid\u011bl, jak se pod jeho nohama odv\u00edjej\u00ed d\u011bjiny \u0158ecka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. \u201eHigh-End\u201c p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed z prav\u011bku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Rod Rupicapra<\/em> p\u0159i\u0161el z Asie p\u0159ed stovkami tis\u00edc let \u201enatrvalo\u201c. Zkamen\u011bliny nalezen\u00e9 v \u0159eck\u00fdch jeskyn\u00edch dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 (lovci-sb\u011bra\u010di paleolitu) ho u\u017e tehdy m\u011bli na j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku. Nem\u016f\u017eeme se jim divit, ale pro kamz\u00edka na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed plat\u00ed, \u017ee byl v\u017edy t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm ter\u010dem!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Epick\u00fd kamz\u00edk!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Hom\u00e9r v Iliad\u011b<\/em> moc dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u011bl, co d\u011bl\u00e1, kdy\u017e p\u0159irovn\u00e1val hrdiny ke kamz\u00edk\u016fm. Popisuje zv\u00ed\u0159e unikaj\u00edc\u00ed ps\u016fm a lovc\u016fm v \u201ehust\u00fdch les\u00edch\u201c a \u201ekluzk\u00fdch sr\u00e1zech\u201c. V antice se mu \u0159\u00edkalo \u201eAix e agria\u201c (divok\u00e1 koza). V podstat\u011b byl kamz\u00edk prvn\u00edm \u201esymbolem rychlosti\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
3. \u201eSpolubydl\u00edc\u00ed\u201c boh\u016f na Olympu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Na Olympu nebyl kamz\u00edk jen oby\u010dejn\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159etem; byl str\u00e1\u017ecem vrchol\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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St\u00e1do boh\u016f:<\/strong> Sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158ekov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee kamz\u00edci pat\u0159\u00ed bohyni Artemid\u011b. Zabit\u00ed kamz\u00edka vysoko v hor\u00e1ch bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za \u0161patn\u00e9 znamen\u00ed. Bylo to, jako byste ukradli dom\u00e1c\u00edho mazl\u00ed\u010dka samotn\u00e9mu Diovi!<\/li>\n\n\n\n
B\u00edl\u00fd kamz\u00edk:<\/strong> Legendy z Litochora vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed o sn\u011bhob\u00edl\u00e9m kamz\u00edkovi, kter\u00fd je mil\u00e1\u010dkem M\u00faz. Lidov\u00e9 pravidlo bylo jasn\u00e9: \u201eKdo zam\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na b\u00edl\u00e9ho kamz\u00edka, ztrat\u00ed cestu a u\u017e nikdy neuvid\u00ed svou vesnici.\u201c Byla to forma prastar\u00e9 \u201eekologick\u00e9 policie\u201c s d\u00e1vkou magie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
4. Christos Kakalos: Mu\u017e, kter\u00fd \u201e\u010detl\u201c v kop\u00fdtk\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Historie dobyt\u00ed vrcholu Mytikas (1913) je \u00fazce spjata s kamz\u00edkem. Prvn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd stanul na vrcholu, Christos Kakalos<\/strong>, byl p\u016fvodem lovec kamz\u00edk\u016f. Jeho neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 znalost hory pramenila ze sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stezek, kter\u00e9 vy\u0161lapala pr\u00e1v\u011b tato zv\u00ed\u0159ata. Dnes, kdy\u017e vystupujete na Olymp, kr\u00e1\u010d\u00edte doslova v kroc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jako prvn\u00ed vyty\u010dila jejich kop\u00fdtka!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
5. Velk\u00e1 krize a n\u00e1vrat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n
stolet\u00ed bylo pro kamz\u00edky \u201ehororem\u201c. Po v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch je pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed p\u0159ivedlo na pokraj vyhuben\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
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1969:<\/strong> Rok sp\u00e1sy. Lov je definitivn\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Dnes:<\/strong> Kamz\u00edk se triumf\u00e1ln\u011b vrac\u00ed. Je symbolem \u201e\u0159eck\u00fdch Alp\u201c a \u017eiv\u00fdm d\u016fkazem, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda, kdy\u017e ji nech\u00e1te na pokoji, um\u00ed vyhr\u00e1vat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
V na\u0161em folkloru byli kamz\u00edci pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za \u201ezaklet\u00e9\u201c. Sta\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee pokud se na v\u00e1s kamz\u00edk up\u0159en\u011b d\u00edv\u00e1 z nesch\u016fdn\u00e9ho sr\u00e1zu, nen\u00ed to jen zv\u00ed\u0159e, ale and\u011bl nebo v\u00edla, kter\u00e1 na v\u00e1s d\u00e1v\u00e1 pozor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Nad\u011bje a v\u00fdzvy na Olympu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Olymp je mo\u017en\u00e1 nejslibn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oblast\u00ed pro kamz\u00edky v \u0158ecku. Zat\u00edmco jinde populace bojuj\u00ed o p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, na Olympu pozorujeme pozoruhodnou dynamiku obnovy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Stav a velikost populace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Populace na Olympu je nyn\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a nejzdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v \u0158ecku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u010c\u00edsla:<\/strong> Podle posledn\u00edch s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed se populace odhaduje na v\u00edce ne\u017e 700\u2013800 jedinc\u016f<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Trend:<\/strong> Je jasn\u011b rostouc\u00ed. P\u0159ed n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00edmi byla \u010d\u00edsla kv\u016fli pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 ostraha a geografie hory pomohly k zotaven\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
2. Obl\u00edben\u00e1 m\u00edsta na Olympu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Letn\u00ed z\u00f3na:<\/strong> Potk\u00e1v\u00e1me je hlavn\u011b na Planin\u011b M\u00faz<\/strong> (Oropedio Mouson), v oblasti \u201eKazania\u201c<\/strong> (strm\u00e9 sr\u00e1zy pod Mytikasem a Stefani) a na vrcholech Profitis Ilias a Skolio.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Zimn\u00ed z\u00f3na:<\/strong> Kv\u016fli extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu sn\u011bhu sestupuj\u00ed v zim\u011b n\u00ed\u017ee, \u010dasto do les\u016f borovice b\u011blokor\u00e9<\/strong> (Pinus heldreichii<\/em>) nebo na strm\u00e9 svahy Mavrologgos a Enipeas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
3. Specifika populace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Zvyk na lidi:<\/strong> D\u00edky velk\u00e9mu po\u010dtu horolezc\u016f jsou kamz\u00edci na Olympu o n\u011bco \u201etolerantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c k lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti, i kdy\u017e st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed divok\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Genetick\u00e1 izolace:<\/strong> Olymp je jako \u201eostrov\u201c na sou\u0161i. Populace je geograficky odd\u011blen\u00e1 od t\u00e9 v Pindosu, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed jej\u00ed ochranu kl\u00ed\u010dovou pro genetickou rozmanitost druhu na Balk\u00e1n\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
4. Hrozby na Olympu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
I p\u0159es dobr\u00fd stav \u010del\u00ed populace v\u00fdzv\u00e1m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Nekontrolovan\u00fd turismus:<\/strong> Stovky lid\u00ed denn\u011b na vrcholech b\u011bhem l\u00e9ta mohou zv\u00ed\u0159ata vytla\u010dit z nejlep\u0161\u00edch pastvin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed:<\/strong> I kdy\u017e se drasticky sn\u00ed\u017eilo, st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hrozbou na okraj\u00edch n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Mal\u00e1 rada:<\/strong> Pokud se n\u011bkdy ocitnete na Planin\u011b M\u00faz a uvid\u00edte kamz\u00edka, jak se na v\u00e1s d\u00edv\u00e1 ze Stefani (Di\u016fv tr\u016fn), vzpome\u0148te si, \u017ee toto zv\u00ed\u0159e na sv\u00fdch z\u00e1dech nese tis\u00edce let historie a m\u00fdt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kamz\u00edk horsk\u00fd: \u201eParkourista\u201c \u0159eck\u00fdch hor 🏔️ Pokud jste si mysleli, \u017ee kamz\u00edk horsk\u00fd (Rupicapra rupicapra, balk\u00e1nsk\u00fd poddruh balcanica) je jen koza, kter\u00e1 utekla z ohrady a vy\u0161plhala na Olymp, je \u010das na zm\u011bnu n\u00e1zoru. Kamz\u00edk je tak trochu antilopa, tak trochu koza a stoprocentn\u00ed sportovec extr\u00e9mn\u00edch discipl\u00edn. 1. V\u00fdbava pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed: Jeho \u201eesa v ruk\u00e1vu\u201c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1212,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-item-post-czech","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-flora-a-fauna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1211"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1247,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1211\/revisions\/1247"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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