{"id":1267,"date":"2026-03-18T21:45:14","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T21:45:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/?p=1267"},"modified":"2026-04-07T18:20:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T18:20:58","slug":"lunak-hnedy-milvus-migrans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/cs\/blog\/2026\/03\/18\/lunak-hnedy-milvus-migrans\/","title":{"rendered":"Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd (Milvus migrans)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f985; Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd (<em>Milvus migrans<\/em>): \u201eAkrobat\u201c \u0159eck\u00fdch mok\u0159ad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f194; Identita a vzhled<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-dominant-color=\"978d7c\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #978d7c;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" src=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-1439418788-1024x1024-1.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1291 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-1439418788-1024x1024-1.avif 1024w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-1439418788-1024x1024-1-300x200.avif 300w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-1439418788-1024x1024-1-768x512.avif 768w\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A selective focus shot of a black kite perched on a branch with blurred background<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd je st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00fd drav\u00fd pt\u00e1k, kter\u00fd vynik\u00e1 u\u017e z d\u00e1lky. P\u0159esto\u017ee si ho lid\u00e9 \u010dasto pletou s jest\u0159\u00e1bem, je o n\u011bco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e1 sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed osobit\u00fd styl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Barva:<\/strong> Tmav\u011b hn\u011bd\u00e9 t\u011blo, kter\u00e9 kontrastuje se sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed, st\u0159\u00edbro\u0161edou hlavou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u201eOchrann\u00e1 zn\u00e1mka\u201c:<\/strong> Jeho ocas, kter\u00fd je m\u00edrn\u011b <strong>vidli\u010dnat\u00fd<\/strong>. P\u0159i letu funguje jako p\u0159esn\u00e9 sm\u011brov\u00e9 kormidlo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nohy:<\/strong> V\u00fdrazn\u011b \u017elut\u00e1 barva v ka\u017ed\u00e9m v\u011bku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f4dc; Od Ezopa k Olympu: Historie star\u00e1 stalet\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd nen\u00ed v \u0158ecku \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u201enov\u00e1\u010dkem\u201c. Jeho vztah k na\u0161\u00ed zemi sah\u00e1 a\u017e do starov\u011bku:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ezop\u016fv \u201eIktinos\u201c:<\/strong> Sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158ekov\u00e9 mu \u0159\u00edkali <em>Iktinos<\/em>. V Ezopov\u00fdch bajk\u00e1ch vystupuje jako chytr\u00e1 a obratn\u00e1 postava, co\u017e dokazuje, \u017ee ho na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 bedliv\u011b sledovali.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Znamen\u00ed jara:<\/strong> Pro star\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blce byl n\u00e1vrat lu\u0148\u00e1ka z Afriky jasn\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem k zah\u00e1jen\u00ed prac\u00ed na pol\u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2708;&#xfe0f; Um\u011bn\u00ed l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-dominant-color=\"7b797a\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #7b797a;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"799\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" data-id=\"1292\" src=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/theotherkev-black-kite-7423883_1920-1024x799.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1292 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/theotherkev-black-kite-7423883_1920-1024x799.avif 1024w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/theotherkev-black-kite-7423883_1920-300x234.avif 300w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/theotherkev-black-kite-7423883_1920-768x599.avif 768w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/theotherkev-black-kite-7423883_1920-1536x1198.avif 1536w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/theotherkev-black-kite-7423883_1920.avif 1920w\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Neuvid\u00edte ho, \u017ee by se unavoval neust\u00e1l\u00fdm m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddel. Je to mistrn\u00fd <strong>plachti\u010d<\/strong>. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tepl\u00e9 vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 proudy a klou\u017ee po obloze s k\u0159\u00eddly m\u00edrn\u011b pokr\u010den\u00fdmi v loktech. Je to jeden z m\u00e1la dravc\u016f, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 r\u00e1d spole\u010dnost; zejm\u00e9na v zim\u011b se jich sch\u00e1z\u00ed mnoho k spole\u010dn\u00e9mu nocov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo hled\u00e1n\u00ed potravy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?ref=saved&amp;v=8711629058882297\">Videoport\u00e1l | Facebook<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?ref=saved&amp;v=981290449760592\">Videoport\u00e1l | Facebook<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f374; Potravn\u00ed n\u00e1vyky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd nen\u00ed v j\u00eddle \u201evyb\u00edrav\u00fd\u201c. Je to chytr\u00fd <strong>oportunista<\/strong>, kter\u00fd vyu\u017eije ka\u017edou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lov\u00ed drobn\u00e9 savce, plazy a ryby.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Funguje jako \u201e\u010disti\u010d\u201c p\u0159\u00edrody, proto\u017ee se \u017eiv\u00ed i mr\u0161inami zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010casto se p\u0159ibli\u017euje k obydlen\u00fdm oblastem, jatk\u00e1m nebo skl\u00e1dk\u00e1m p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed snadn\u00e9 potravy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/strong> M\u00e1 neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b rychl\u00e9 reflexy. Jakmile jeden lu\u0148\u00e1k spat\u0159\u00ed potravu, ostatn\u00ed v okol\u00ed si toho okam\u017eit\u011b v\u0161imnou a sl\u00e9taj\u00ed se k \u201ehostin\u011b\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f3e0; Rodina a rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hn\u00edzdo:<\/strong> Stav\u00ed si ho na stromech, obvykle v mal\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Potomstvo:<\/strong> Od dubna do \u010dervna klade 2 a\u017e 3 vejce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hlas:<\/strong> V obdob\u00ed p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed je velmi \u201eupov\u00eddan\u00fd\u201c. Jeho k\u0159ik se trochu podob\u00e1 rackovi, po n\u011bm\u017e n\u00e1sleduje zvuk p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed kd\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f3d4;&#xfe0f; Spojen\u00ed s horou Olymp<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-dominant-color=\"729299\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #729299;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" src=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-2154166727-1024x1024-1.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1293 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-2154166727-1024x1024-1.avif 1024w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-2154166727-1024x1024-1-300x200.avif 300w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/istockphoto-2154166727-1024x1024-1-768x512.avif 768w\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">view of a black kite during a falconry show in France<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd dnes hn\u00edzd\u00ed hlavn\u011b v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch a v bl\u00edzkosti mok\u0159ad\u016f (jako je jezero Kerkini), <strong>Olymp<\/strong> z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jednou z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch migra\u010dn\u00edch tras a pozorovatelen pro tento druh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Migra\u010dn\u00ed stanice:<\/strong> B\u011bhem tahu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed lu\u0148\u00e1ci stoupav\u00e9 proudy Olympu, aby z\u00edskali v\u00fd\u0161ku a pokra\u010dovali v cest\u011b. Je to jedno z m\u00edst, kde ornitologov\u00e9 pravideln\u011b sleduj\u00ed jejich p\u0159elety.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed:<\/strong> V minulosti, kdy byly populace v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, byl lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd \u010dasto k vid\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na svaz\u00edch Olympu, kter\u00e9 mu poskytovaly hojnost potravy i m\u00edst k odpo\u010dinku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f4cd; Kde \u017eije v \u0158ecku?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco ve zbytku Evropy je velmi b\u011b\u017en\u00fd, v na\u0161\u00ed zemi je lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd <strong>vz\u00e1cn\u00fd a ohro\u017een\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jeho \u201epevnosti\u201c:<\/strong> Dnes hn\u00edzd\u00ed hlavn\u011b u <strong>jezera Kerkini<\/strong>, v oblasti Evros a v Meteo\u0159e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Migrace:<\/strong> Je to toulav\u00fd pt\u00e1k. V\u011bt\u0161ina odl\u00e9t\u00e1 na podzim do subsaharsk\u00e9 Afriky, i kdy\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed rad\u011bji zimuj\u00ed v Messolonghi nebo v severn\u00edm \u0158ecku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x26a0;&#xfe0f; Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd m\u00e1 jednoho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho nep\u0159\u00edtele, <strong>v\u00fdra velk\u00e9ho<\/strong>, kter\u00fd \u010dasto \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na jeho hn\u00edzda. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm je v\u0161ak \u010dlov\u011bk: otr\u00e1ven\u00e9 n\u00e1vnady, pytl\u00e1ci a silni\u010dn\u00ed nehody neust\u00e1le sni\u017euj\u00ed jeho populaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-dominant-color=\"636661\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #636661;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"579\" height=\"1024\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" src=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_23-46-29-300-2-579x1024.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1272 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_23-46-29-300-2-579x1024.avif 579w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_23-46-29-300-2-170x300.avif 170w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_23-46-29-300-2-768x1359.avif 768w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_23-46-29-300-2-868x1536.avif 868w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_23-46-29-300-2.avif 904w\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2696;&#xfe0f; Ho\u0159k\u00e1 pravda: Kultura vs. realita<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde nar\u00e1\u017e\u00edme na velk\u00fd rozpor. Jsme n\u00e1rod, kter\u00fd se r\u00e1d py\u0161n\u00ed svou histori\u00ed a spojen\u00edm s \u201ekol\u00e9bkou civilizace\u201c. Av\u0161ak zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm se chov\u00e1me k na\u0161\u00ed divok\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, ukazuje jin\u00fd obraz. Je to skute\u010dn\u011b ironick\u00e9: v jin\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch se populace lu\u0148\u00e1ka hn\u011bd\u00e9ho zotavuje a je aktivn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bna. V \u0158ecku \u2013 zemi Ezopa, kter\u00fd ho oslavoval \u2013 populace kolabuje. <strong>Otr\u00e1ven\u00e9 n\u00e1vnady, pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed<\/strong> a ni\u010den\u00ed jeho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee kultura nejsou jen starov\u011bk\u00e9 mramory, ale tak\u00e9 \u00facta k t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed nad nimi l\u00e9taj\u00ed. N\u00e1rod, kter\u00fd \u201est\u0159\u00edl\u00ed\u201c po sv\u00e9 historii a sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, m\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b dlouhou cestu k tomu, aby mohl b\u00fdt naz\u00fdv\u00e1n <strong>civilizovan\u00fdm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-dominant-color=\"a19b96\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #a19b96;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"664\" height=\"995\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" src=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_21-25-08-664.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1289 not-transparent\" srcset=\"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_21-25-08-664.avif 664w, https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/viber_image_2026-03-18_21-25-08-664-200x300.avif 200w\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#x1f985; Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd (Milvus migrans): \u201eAkrobat\u201c \u0159eck\u00fdch mok\u0159ad\u016f &#x1f194; Identita a vzhled Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd je st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00fd drav\u00fd pt\u00e1k, kter\u00fd vynik\u00e1 u\u017e z d\u00e1lky. P\u0159esto\u017ee si ho lid\u00e9 \u010dasto pletou s jest\u0159\u00e1bem, je o n\u011bco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e1 sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed osobit\u00fd styl: &#x1f4dc; Od Ezopa k Olympu: Historie star\u00e1 stalet\u00ed Lu\u0148\u00e1k hn\u011bd\u00fd nen\u00ed v \u0158ecku [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1273,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-item-post-czech","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-flora-a-fauna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1267"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1310,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1267\/revisions\/1310"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1273"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}