{"id":1537,"date":"2026-03-31T19:44:03","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T19:44:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/?p=1537"},"modified":"2026-04-15T19:00:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T19:00:56","slug":"datel-cerny-tesar-reckych-lesu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/cs\/blog\/2026\/03\/31\/datel-cerny-tesar-reckych-lesu\/","title":{"rendered":"Datel \u010dern\u00fd: \u201eTesa\u0159\u201c \u0159eck\u00fdch les\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Datel \u010dern\u00fd<\/strong> (Dryocopus martius<\/em>) nen\u00ed jen oby\u010dejn\u00fd pt\u00e1k; je to hlavn\u00ed architekt lesa. Se svou \u00factyhodnou velikost\u00ed a uhlov\u011b \u010dern\u00fdm pe\u0159\u00edm pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm na\u0161ich poho\u0159\u00ed, od Olympu a\u017e po Pindos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co skr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeho jm\u00e9no?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Jeho v\u011bdeck\u00fd n\u00e1zev vypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Dryocopus<\/strong> poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u0159eck\u00fdch slov drys<\/em> (dub\/strom) a kopos<\/em> (tes\u00e1n\u00ed\/sek\u00e1n\u00ed) \u2013 doslova \u201eten, kdo otes\u00e1v\u00e1 stromy\u201c. Martius<\/strong> je spojen s bohem Martem (Ar\u00e9em), co\u017e nazna\u010duje dynamickou a \u201ebojovnou\u201c povahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius) and juveniles at a nest cavity<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jak ho pozn\u00e1te?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Je to nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed druh datla v Evrop\u011b. Jeho t\u011blo je zcela \u010dern\u00e9, ale pozn\u00e1te ho podle ikonick\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 \u201e\u010depi\u010dky\u201c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Samci<\/strong> maj\u00ed \u010derven\u00e9 cel\u00e9 temeno hlavy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Samice<\/strong> maj\u00ed pouze malou \u010dervenou skvrnu v t\u00fdle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Jejich o\u010di maj\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159ivou \u017elutob\u00edlou barvu, kter\u00e1 jim dod\u00e1v\u00e1 pronikav\u00fd v\u00fdraz, zat\u00edmco jejich nohy jsou stvo\u0159eny ke \u0161plh\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 maj\u00ed dva prsty sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed dop\u0159edu a dva dozadu (zygodaktylie<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u017div\u00e1 \u201eBlack & Decker\u201c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    P\u0159\u00edroda vybavila datla neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdmi biologick\u00fdmi vychyt\u00e1vkami, aby vydr\u017eel n\u00e1razy do d\u0159eva:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Absorpce n\u00e1raz\u016f:<\/strong> Jeho mozek je chr\u00e1n\u011bn speci\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturou lebky, tak\u017ee p\u0159i neust\u00e1l\u00e9m bu\u0161en\u00ed nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k ot\u0159esu mozku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ochrana o\u010d\u00ed:<\/strong> Zlomek sekundy p\u0159ed \u00faderem zakryje oko speci\u00e1ln\u00ed bl\u00e1na, kter\u00e1 ho chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed odletuj\u00edc\u00edmi pilinami.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Jazyk jako n\u00e1stroj:<\/strong> Jeho jazyk je dlouh\u00fd a lepkav\u00fd, s mal\u00fdmi h\u00e1\u010dky na \u0161pi\u010dce, d\u00edky kter\u00fdm dok\u00e1\u017ee \u201evylovit\u201c hmyz i z hlubok\u00fdch chodeb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"
      Amazing portrait of large woodpecker in flight<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      J\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek: Lovec mravenc\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      I kdy\u017e si pochutn\u00e1 na r\u016fzn\u00fdch brouc\u00edch a larv\u00e1ch, jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slabost\u00ed jsou mravenci<\/strong>. Mohou tvo\u0159it a\u017e 90 % jeho stravy! T\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dist\u00ed stromy od d\u0159evokazn\u00e9ho hmyzu, funguje datel jako p\u0159irozen\u00fd \u201el\u00e9ka\u0159\u201c lesa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Pro\u010d \u201ebubnuje\u201c do strom\u016f?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Mnoz\u00ed si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee charakteristick\u00e9 klep\u00e1n\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed jen k hled\u00e1n\u00ed potravy. Ve skute\u010dnosti je bubnov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho \u201ep\u00edsn\u00ed\u201c. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Vymezuje sv\u00e9 teritorium<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • L\u00e1ka svou partnerku<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed bytov\u00e9 krize<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"
        The Black Woodpecker, Dryocopus martius is feeding its chicks before they will have the first flight out. Nesting cavity is in old dry tree, green background, pretty morning and soft golden light”r”n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        Jeho ekologick\u00fd v\u00fdznam je obrovsk\u00fd. Dutiny, kter\u00e9 datel \u010dern\u00fd vytes\u00e1, nez\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed dlouho pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9. Jakmile je opust\u00ed, st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se byty k okam\u017eit\u00e9mu nast\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> pro v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 druh\u016f zv\u00ed\u0159at, jako jsou sovy, doup\u0148\u00e1ci, veverky, a dokonce i netop\u00fd\u0159i nebo v\u010dely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Kde ho v \u0158ecku potk\u00e1te?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Je to pt\u00e1k hor. Celoro\u010dn\u011b \u017eije v jedlov\u00fdch, borovicov\u00fdch a bukov\u00fdch les\u00edch st\u0159edn\u00edho a severn\u00edho \u0158ecka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Hlavn\u00ed lokalita:<\/strong> Poho\u0159\u00ed Olymp<\/strong>, zejm\u00e9na v oblastech Prionia a Kazania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Pokud se ocitnete v lese a usly\u0161\u00edte rytmick\u00fd zvuk p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed sb\u00edje\u010dku nebo uvid\u00edte hromadu \u010derstv\u00fdch hoblin u paty buku, pod\u00edvejte se nahoru: mistr tesa\u0159 je n\u011bkde pobl\u00ed\u017e!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Datel \u010dern\u00fd (Dryocopus martius) nen\u00ed jen oby\u010dejn\u00fd pt\u00e1k; je to hlavn\u00ed architekt lesa. Se svou \u00factyhodnou velikost\u00ed a uhlov\u011b \u010dern\u00fdm pe\u0159\u00edm pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm na\u0161ich poho\u0159\u00ed, od Olympu a\u017e po Pindos. Co skr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeho jm\u00e9no? Jeho v\u011bdeck\u00fd n\u00e1zev vypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Dryocopus poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u0159eck\u00fdch slov drys (dub\/strom) a kopos (tes\u00e1n\u00ed\/sek\u00e1n\u00ed) \u2013 doslova \u201eten, kdo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-item-post-czech","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-flora-a-fauna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1537"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1537\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1738,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1537\/revisions\/1738"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}