{"id":1662,"date":"2026-04-06T18:27:09","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T18:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/?p=1662"},"modified":"2026-04-11T06:14:50","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T06:14:50","slug":"sup-belohlavy-gyps-fulvus-zmrtvychvstani-v-prirode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/cs\/archives\/1662","title":{"rendered":"Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd: Zmrtv\u00fdchvst\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd (Gyps fulvus)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159edstavte si prastar\u00e9ho str\u00e1\u017ece \u0159eck\u00fdch hor, obra nebes, kter\u00fd nemus\u00ed ani m\u00e1vnout k\u0159\u00eddly, aby p\u0159elet\u011bl cel\u00e9 kraje. Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd nen\u00ed jen oby\u010dejn\u00fd pt\u00e1k; je to z\u00e1zrak aerodynamiky a nejv\u00edce podce\u0148ovan\u00fd \u201e\u010disti\u010d\u201c p\u0159\u00edrody. S rozp\u011bt\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddel dosahuj\u00edc\u00edm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159\u00ed metr\u016f prom\u011bnil let v um\u011bn\u00ed \u00faspory. Nepl\u00fdtv\u00e1 energi\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm. M\u00edsto toho \u201e\u010dte\u201c reli\u00e9f krajiny, vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1 neviditeln\u00e9 tepl\u00e9 proudy vzduchu stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed po \u00fabo\u010d\u00edch a klou\u017ee po nich jako plachetnice nebes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) photographed in Spain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jeho vzhled je v\u00fdsledkem milion\u016f let evoluce. K\u0159\u00eddla jsou \u0161irok\u00e1, s hlubok\u00fdmi z\u00e1\u0159ezy na konc\u00edch p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edmi prsty, co\u017e mu umo\u017e\u0148uje mistrn\u011b ovl\u00e1dat stoupav\u00e9 proudy. Dlouh\u00fd, ohebn\u00fd krk, pokryt\u00fd b\u00edl\u00fdm chm\u00fd\u0159\u00edm nam\u00edsto hust\u00e9ho pe\u0159\u00ed, nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodou: umo\u017e\u0148uje mu hodovat uvnit\u0159 mr\u0161in, ani\u017e by se trvale zne\u010distil, proto\u017ee krev a tk\u00e1n\u011b na n\u011bm neulp\u00edvaj\u00ed. Jeho zob\u00e1k, i kdy\u017e vypad\u00e1 hroziv\u011b, je p\u0159esn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem navr\u017een\u00fdm k trh\u00e1n\u00ed tuh\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco jeho pa\u0159\u00e1ty jsou ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s orl\u00edmi slab\u00e9. Sup nen\u00ed vrah; je to m\u00edrumilovn\u00fd host venkova<\/strong>, kter\u00fd trp\u011bliv\u011b \u010dek\u00e1, a\u017e p\u0159\u00edroda uzav\u0159e sv\u016fj kruh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V jeho nitru se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 jedna z nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u201elaborato\u0159\u00ed\u201c \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Jeho \u017ealudek obsahuje kyseliny tak siln\u00e9, \u017ee neutralizuj\u00ed i ty nejvra\u017eedn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bakterie, jako je antrax. Tam, kde by jin\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata zahynula, sup prosp\u00edv\u00e1 a funguje jako p\u0159irozen\u00fd val proti epidemi\u00edm. Proto\u017ee je v\u0161ak potrava v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e1, m\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e9 vole \u2013 \u201eskladi\u0161t\u011b\u201c, kter\u00e9 mu dovoluje poz\u0159\u00edt a\u017e dv\u011b kila masa p\u0159i jedin\u00e9m krmen\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e si zajist\u00ed energii na dny hled\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jeho spole\u010densk\u00fd \u017eivot p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 organizovanou informa\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165. Supi nikdy nehledaj\u00ed potravu sami; tvo\u0159\u00ed neviditeln\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec na obzoru. Jakmile jeden pt\u00e1k zahl\u00e9dne potravu a za\u010dne klesat, ostatn\u00ed ho \u0159et\u011bzovit\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut se na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed supi ze vzd\u00e1lenosti deseti kilometr\u016f. U \u201estolu\u201c panuje p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 hierarchie doprov\u00e1zen\u00e1 k\u0159ikem a ok\u00e1zal\u00fdm roztahov\u00e1n\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddel, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b tato pospolitost je z\u00e1rukou jejich p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), Cr\u00e9menes, Spain.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V \u0158ecku je osud supa \u00fazce spjat s tradi\u010dn\u00edm pastevectv\u00edm. Na Kr\u00e9t\u011b, jejich posledn\u00ed velk\u00e9 ba\u0161t\u011b, p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed d\u00edky voln\u011b se pasouc\u00edm st\u00e1d\u016fm. V pevninsk\u00e9m \u0158ecku je v\u0161ak situace dramatick\u00e1. Otr\u00e1ven\u00e9 n\u00e1vnady z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed tich\u00fdm zabij\u00e1kem sup\u016f. Jeliko\u017e je sup monogamn\u00ed a sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pouze jedno vejce ro\u010dn\u011b, smrt i n\u011bkolika dosp\u011bl\u00fdch jedinc\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke kolapsu cel\u00fdch koloni\u00ed. I na Olympu je jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost dnes u\u017e jen vz\u00e1cn\u00e1; historick\u00e9 sr\u00e1zy nad Litochorem nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b jen mlad\u00ed pt\u00e1ci p\u0159il\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed z Balk\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jeho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh n\u00e1s u\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda neodpou\u0161t\u00ed neznalost. V antick\u00e9m \u0158ecku byli supi posv\u00e1tn\u00fdmi pt\u00e1ky Dia a Area, v\u011b\u0161tci, kte\u0159\u00ed zjevovali v\u016fli boh\u016f. V Illiad\u011b<\/em> byl strach z toho, \u017ee t\u011blo z\u016fstane nepoh\u0159ben\u00e9 jako ko\u0159ist pro supy (oionoisin<\/em>), nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hr\u016fzou bojovn\u00edka, zat\u00edmco pozd\u011bji Nikos Kazantzakis vyu\u017eil obraz supa k symbolice nezkrotn\u00e9 kr\u00e9tsk\u00e9 du\u0161e. Je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed, jak se pt\u00e1k, kdysi pova\u017eovan\u00fd za \u201eposv\u00e1tn\u00e9ho\u201c, stal nepochopen\u00fdm jako \u201eodpudiv\u00fd\u201c, aby byl dnes znovu uzn\u00e1n jako nezbytn\u00fd ozdravovatel<\/strong> p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Velikono\u010dn\u00ed spojen\u00ed a \u00favahy o kr\u00e1se<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edtomnost supa b\u011blohlav\u00e9ho v na\u0161ich hor\u00e1ch nab\u00fdv\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed Velikonoc nov\u00e9ho rozm\u011bru. Pro \u010dlov\u011bka jsou Velikonoce vyvrcholen\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu, v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm sv\u011btla nad tmou a nad\u011bj\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vyv\u011br\u00e1 z hrobu. Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd ve sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u201eposv\u00e1tn\u00e9\u201c roli slou\u017e\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b tomuto poselstv\u00ed v sam\u00e9m srdci divok\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody. Tam, kde by rozklad mohl znamenat konec, sup zasahuje, o\u010di\u0161\u0165uje a umo\u017e\u0148uje zemi znovu d\u00fdchat, \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159ipravuje p\u016fdu pro nov\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek. Je slu\u017eebn\u00edkem p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho \u201ezmrtv\u00fdchvst\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee smrt nen\u00ed koncem, ale nezbytn\u00fdm pr\u016fchodem, aby \u017eivot mohl nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b proudit d\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Zastavme se zde u v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky: Co je to kr\u00e1sa?<\/strong> Zvykli jsme si ji hledat v z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch p\u00e1va, ale sup n\u00e1s vyb\u00edz\u00ed k hlub\u0161\u00edmu pohledu. V jeho \u201eo\u0161klivosti\u201c je divok\u00e1, up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e1 kr\u00e1sa. Jeho hol\u00fd krk nen\u00ed nedostatkem p\u016fvabu, ale v\u00fdzbroj\u00ed pro jeho posl\u00e1n\u00ed; je to kr\u00e1sa star\u00e9ho, rezav\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de, kter\u00fd jako jedin\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee odemknout dve\u0159e k pokladu. Kdo m\u016f\u017ee \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee jeho pohled, kter\u00fd pronik\u00e1 mraky, aby prom\u011bnil z\u00e1nik v \u017eivot, nen\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00fd?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eNen\u00ed to pe\u0159\u00ed, co \u010din\u00ed pt\u00e1ka posv\u00e1tn\u00fdm, ale zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm obj\u00edm\u00e1 oblohu.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
View above great bird, gyps fulvus<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jakmile se tato obrovsk\u00e1 k\u0159\u00eddla rozvinou, ka\u017ed\u00e1 stopa ironie zmiz\u00ed. St\u00e1v\u00e1 se st\u00ednem, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed horu. V na\u0161\u00ed lidov\u00e9 tradici mu \u0159\u00edkali \u201eSkara\u201c nebo \u201eKokkalas\u201c \u2013 jm\u00e9ny drsn\u00fdmi jako kameny, na kter\u00fdch hn\u00edzd\u00ed. Ale kdy\u017e ho vid\u00edte krou\u017eit nad n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161inou M\u00faz, pochop\u00edte, \u017ee kr\u00e1sa je nakonec ot\u00e1zkou perspektivy. V\u00fd\u0161ka a hloubka jsou dv\u011b strany t\u00e9\u017ee mince: \u010d\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161e hled\u00edte, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na detailech a t\u00edm v\u00edce z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed podstata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd ne\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 n\u00e1\u0161 obdiv. Sta\u010d\u00ed mu dobr\u00fd v\u00edtr a ticho \u00fates\u016f. Je to b\u00e1sn\u00edk, kter\u00fd p\u00ed\u0161e sv\u00e9 ver\u0161e sv\u00fdm st\u00ednem na zemi a p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 n\u00e1m, \u017ee v kolob\u011bhu \u017eivota se nic neztrat\u00ed \u2013 ani kr\u00e1sa skryt\u00e1 za hol\u00fdm krkem a zahnut\u00fdm zob\u00e1kem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd (Gyps fulvus) P\u0159edstavte si prastar\u00e9ho str\u00e1\u017ece \u0159eck\u00fdch hor, obra nebes, kter\u00fd nemus\u00ed ani m\u00e1vnout k\u0159\u00eddly, aby p\u0159elet\u011bl cel\u00e9 kraje. Sup b\u011blohlav\u00fd nen\u00ed jen oby\u010dejn\u00fd pt\u00e1k; je to z\u00e1zrak aerodynamiky a nejv\u00edce podce\u0148ovan\u00fd \u201e\u010disti\u010d\u201c p\u0159\u00edrody. S rozp\u011bt\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddel dosahuj\u00edc\u00edm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159\u00ed metr\u016f prom\u011bnil let v um\u011bn\u00ed \u00faspory. Nepl\u00fdtv\u00e1 energi\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm. M\u00edsto toho \u201e\u010dte\u201c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-item-post-czech","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-flora-a-fauna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1662","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1662"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1662\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1691,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1662\/revisions\/1691"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1662"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1662"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greekhiker.com\/hike\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1662"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}